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What does it mean to be young .... in Latin America? .. 7 young
Latin America: higher rates of youth homicide |  |
| RITLA na Mídia - Interviews | |
| Friday, 05 December 2008 | |
| Published: 12.04.2008 Radio Nederland The probability of a young Latin American between 15 and 24 years die a victim of homicide is 30 times higher than the European one and 70 times higher than in countries like Greece, Hungary, England, Austria, Japan and Ireland. This is the main conclusion of the report "Map of Violence : Latin American youth " recently released by the Latin American Technological Information Network (RITLA) . The study shows that among the 83 countries surveyed, the top five with higher rates of juvenile homicide are American. First on the list is El Salvador, with a rate of 92.3 murders per 10,000 population. We are Colombia (73.4), Venezuela (64.2), Guatemala (55.4) and Brazil (51.6). While in Latin America, the homicide rate among youth is 36.6 per 10,000 inhabitants, Africa recorded a rate of 16.1. In descending order are North America (12), Asia (2.4), Oceania (1.6) and, finally, Europe (1.2). Contrary to the idea that many people have that the violence is directly related to poverty and lack of opportunities, Julio Jacobo Waiselfisz, Instituto Sangari sociologist and author of the study, says the evidence suggests that "poverty is not homogeneous the cause of violent responses, but the injustices of wealth within poverty or poverty within wealth generated by the rebellion. " Change the focus of concern According to the report, previously the focus of concern was the Colombia-Brazil axis because, especially drug traffic. In contrast, according to Waiselfisz says, thanks to some internal measures taken by the governments of these countries, homicide rates among adolescents experienced significant declines in recent years. He cites as an example the case of Colombia, "from a decade of urban renewal and disarmament, Colombia managed to pacify the large cities and, thus, dramatically lower rates of youth homicide." In the first five years of this century, homicide rates among young people in Colombia have experienced a fall of almost 50%. While in 2000 the homicide rate was 130.6 per 10,000 inhabitants in 2005 the rate dropped to 73.4. For Brazil, the study attributes the decline in recent years of 56.2 homicides per 10,000 inhabitants in 2003 to 51.6 in 2005 - to a "successful disarmament campaign that managed to get many weapons in circulation." data indicate that while these two "heavyweights" of violence were able to reduce their rates, the Central American countries, especially El Salvador, Guatemala and Nicaragua showed substantial increases. To Waiselfisz, this explains the geographic shift to the side of Central America. "Significant falls in Colombia and Brazil in South America make less important and worrying axis becomes the Central American subregion. Also, the sociologist also finds explanation for this geographic re the phenomenon of youth gangs operating for some years in these countries. output Julio Jacobo argued that instead of using repressive measures, which is mostly the way which is usually eligible, governments should seek preventive and educational measures to bring down rates of violence. "Education levels that come with higher levels of income distribution and then higher levels of human development are those that ultimately drive down rates of violence," says the sociologist. Arquivo Interview mp3 | |
FROM http://www.ritla.net
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DOCUMENTARY THE FUTURE IN HONDURAS
| Lives shattered. Youth and violence in El Salvador |  |  |  |
By Edgardo A. Amaya Cóbar (*)
SAN SALVADOR - I had news from different sources on the recent study "Map of Violence: Youth in Latin America", published by the Latin American Technological Information Network ( RITLA) studies in which mortality of young people-overwhelmingly men between 15 and 24 years in the region, compared with other regions. Latin America is the most violent and El Salvador takes first place with a homicide rate among young people 92 per 100 000 inhabitants within the youth sector.
Viewing the report, I noticed that the data used are from 2005. Ready to update, I took the data from the 2007 killings of Forensic Medicine and Population Census results in the same year and the results were as follows:
homicide rates per 100 thousand inhabitants according to ranges age (2007)
| AGE GROUP: | Frequency | Percentage | Cumulative percentage | Population | Rate |
| IGNORED | 60 | 1.70% | 1.70% |
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| 5-9 | 7 | 0.20% | 1.90% | 684,727 | 1.02 |
| 10-14 | 39 | 1.10% | 3.00% | 706,347 | 5.52 |
| 15-19 | 576 | 16.50% | 19.50% | 600,565 | 95.91 |
| 20-24 | 709 | 20.30% | 39.80% | 486,542 | 145.72 |
| 25-29 | 788 | 22.50% | 62.30% | 457,890 | 172.09 |
| 30-34 | 474 | 13.60% | 75.90% | 402,249 | 117.84 |
| 35-39 | 307 | 8.80% | 84.70% | 353,147 | 86.93 |
| 40-44 | 166 | 4.70% | 89.40% | 303,631 | 54.67 |
| 45-49 | 116 | 3.30% | 92.70% | 252,122 | 46.01 |
| 50-54 | 90 | 2.60% | 95.30% | 215,734 | 41.72 |
| 55-59 | 54 | 1.50% | 96.80% | 183,075 | 29.50 |
| 60-64 | 39 | 1.10% | 97.90% | 151,864 | 25.68 |
| 65 A + | 72 | 2.10% | 100.00% | 390,327 | 18.45 |
| Total | 3,497 | 100.00%
| 100.00% | 5,744,113 | 60.88 |
Source: Elaborated with data from the Institute of Legal Medicine and DIGESTYC
homicide rates per 100 thousand inhabitants grouped by age ranges (2007)
| AGE GROUP: |
| Frequency Percentage
| Population | rate |
| 15-24 | 1.285 | 36.80 % | 1,087,107 | 118.20 |
| 15-29 | 2.073 | 59.30% | 1,544,997 | 134.18 |
| 15-34 | 2.547 | 72.90% | 1,947,246 130.80 |
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Source: Elaborated with data from the Institute of Legal Medicine and DIGESTYC
As shown, the data are discouraging. While saying that the data increased from 2005 to today would be a mild statement that it would not take that as a result of the census, the population figure is lower than the estimated population projections. All built with the information rates today are in doubt.
The second table, you realize that the range was the subject of study (19-24 years) for 2007 was a homicide rate of 118 per 100 000 inhabitants within that range, would place the country in a distant first with respect to other contexts.
Noting the table, we can see that almost 60% of homicides are concentrated in the range between 15 and 29, which reached a rate of 134 per 100 000 inhabitants of these ages.
The authorities insist that these levels of violence attributed to gangs, but when asked what they understand the responsibility of the gangs, the spectrum is very wide, which contradicts the need for analytical rigor. The figure for gang involvement by the authorities, to name one example, includes cases where the victim is a gang. A kind of prophecy self-executing. Where does the data become visible youths killed on suspicion of being victims of death squads and extrajudicial killings have been investigated by human rights organizations?
are obviously very hard data. Studies will talk about the affectations of violence to the Economically Active Population (PEA) of economic losses due to death of people, the correlation between human development deficits and levels of homicide. This is valid and necessary to understand the dimensions of the problem.
However, these are the data of despair. If frustration leads to violence, there are many people frustrated out and the frustration comes from the inability to be free to perform and grow as a person. Consumerism that gives the illusion of material happiness but denied to most of the media for access. Of structural violence expelling children and youth the education system, which sends many young people, particularly the poor ", to unemployment, the informal economy, addictions, to another country as an immigrant, are absorbed in their cycles of violence , leads to jail, hospital or the grave as the victims of such violence.
To which we add the fact that a kind of suspicion because of age. According to a recent survey IUDOP aimed at young people, the second source of violence towards this sector, after the delinquency and crime, the police is reported as 5% of respondents.
What is a young man in the neglected rural areas? What does it mean to be young in the populous areas of Soyapango, San Martín, Ilopango, Apopa?
With this scenario, it is difficult to conclude that the situation of young people in Salvadoran society and attention is a fundamental issue, therefore, For example, it is contradictory that the government has refused to accede to the Convention on the Rights of Youth.
A change in status should not be limited to a timely policy towards youth, but it should mean a general policy of human development which tends to progressively meeting the needs of young people in particular who depend more than ever, this country.
(*) Advocate and partner Counterpoint of
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DOCUMENTARY THE FUTURE IN HONDURAS
Youth
looks
Youth, leadership and diversity
Youth often appears in the Media associated with acts of violence and different problems, which has contributed to widespread stigmatizing this image as representing the youth in general. But young people in various fields are developed and carried out various activities and projects.
"Youth in Focus" aims to give face and voice to those men and young people who organized individual and shape the development of society in various aspects: economic, artistic, political, sporting, etc., Etc., Etc. ..
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